What is Industrial Wastewater Treatment?
Industrial wastewater treatment plants are systems specifically designed for the treatment of wastewater generated from factories and production facilities. Unlike domestic wastewater, industrial wastewaters contain heavy metals, chemical compounds, organic solvents, and high pollution loads.
In these systems, physical, chemical, and biological treatment methods are combined according to the characteristics of the wastewater. Additionally, the specific waste characteristics of each sector's production process are taken into account. Therefore, engineering design relies on wastewater analysis and laboratory tests.
As a result, industrial wastewater treatment plants meet discharge standards in accordance with environmental regulations. Particularly, it is mandatory to remain below sectoral limits as required by the Water Pollution Control Regulation. Furthermore, treated water can be recovered and utilized as process water through MBR systems.
Treatment Stages
- pH Balancing: Brings water to a neutral level (pH 6.5-8.5)
- Coagulation-Flocculation: Converts colloidal substances into larger particles
- Settling: Separates flocs by gravity settling
- Filtration: Clarification through sand, carbon, and membrane filtration
- Oxidation: Eliminates harmful compounds such as cyanide and sulfide
- Reduction: Converts metals like chromium (VI) into harmless forms
- Biological Treatment: Breaks down organic substances with microorganisms
- Advanced Treatment: Final quality through RO, UV, and disinfection
Sectoral Solutions
- Textile Industry: Dyeing, finishing, and washing wastewater
- Food Sector: Slaughterhouses, dairy, beverage, canning factories
- Chemical Industry: Pharmaceutical, cosmetic, detergent production
- Automotive: Surface coating and painting wastewater
- Pulp and Paper Sector: Cellulose, kraft, and recycling
- Metal Processing: Galvanizing, anodizing, acid baths
- Petrochemical: Refineries and petrochemical complexes
- Mining: Ore enrichment wastewater
How to Design a Facility?
The design of industrial wastewater treatment plants begins with wastewater characterization. Samples taken from the production process are analyzed in detail in the laboratory. In addition, peak flows, average loads, and pollution parameters are determined.
Then, the treatment process suitable for the characteristics of the wastewater is selected. Especially in wastewater containing heavy metals, chemical precipitation is prioritized, while biological treatment is preferred for organic-loaded wastewater. Therefore, each plant requires a unique engineering solution.
As a result, detailed P&ID diagrams, equipment selections, and PLC automation design are completed. Moreover, biological treatment and MBBR technology are combined to achieve high efficiency.
Advantages of Industrial Treatment
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Detailed InformationFrequently Asked Questions
Industrial wastewater treatment plants are designed for all types of production facilities, primarily in sectors such as textiles, food, chemicals, automotive, paper, metal processing, petrochemicals, pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, slaughterhouses, beverages, and mining. Each sector's production waste requires different treatment processes.
Heavy metals are treated using chemical precipitation methods. After pH adjustment, coagulants and flocculants are added to form and precipitate metal hydroxides. Toxic forms such as chromium (VI) are first reduced with sodium bisulfite and then precipitated.
Domestic wastewater is generally more homogeneous in structure and typically contains organic pollution. Industrial wastewater, on the other hand, may contain heavy metals, chemical substances, and organic solvents, and has a highly variable character. Additionally, it requires special process design due to the presence of high-concentration pollutants. Biological treatment can be applied to both.
Samples are taken from different points of the production process. In the laboratory, analyses for BOİ, KOİ, AKM, pH, conductivity, heavy metals, total nitrogen, and phosphorus are conducted. In addition, peak flows and daily load variations are also measured. These data form the basis for the design of the treatment process.
Yes, it is possible to recover 80-95% of treated water in modern industrial treatment plants. Water that is further treated with MBR systems and purified through reverse osmosis can be used for process water, cooling tower feed, and irrigation purposes.
The investment cost is calculated specifically for the project based on the capacity of the facility, the characteristics of the wastewater, and the selected process. In addition, the flow rate of the water to be treated, the pollutant parameters, and the desired quality of the effluent also affect the price. We provide a detailed proposal tailored to your project with our free discovery and feasibility report.